Major\u00e1n zahradn\u00ed je \u00fazce spjat s kuchyn\u00ed Slovenska i okoln\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly kdysi spojeny a jejich n\u00e1rodn\u00ed kuchyn\u011b se p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaly. Gul\u00e1\u0161, kter\u00fd tak r\u00e1di p\u0159ipravujeme pr\u00e1v\u011b s major\u00e1nkou, r\u00e1di va\u0159\u00ed i Ma\u010fa\u0159i \u010di Ukrajinci, ale m\u00e1lokdo v\u00ed, \u017ee to je tureck\u00e9 j\u00eddlo. V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se \u010dasto zam\u011b\u0148uje major\u00e1nka s oreganem, co\u017e je nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 ak \u010demu doch\u00e1z\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u0159episem z latinsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1zvu Origanum majorana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V antick\u00e9m \u0158ecku vys\u00e9vali major\u00e1nky na hroby sv\u00fdch bl\u00edzk\u00fdch, proto\u017ee v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee to zesnul\u00fdm p\u0159inese v\u011b\u010dn\u00fd klid a \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. V antick\u00e9m \u0158\u00edm\u011b iv \u0158ecku se vily v\u011bnce z major\u00e1nky pro novoman\u017eele jako symbol l\u00e1sky, cti a \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Hipokrates ve sv\u00fdch d\u00edlech p\u00ed\u0161e o n\u011bkolika medic\u00ednsk\u00fdch vyu\u017eit\u00edch major\u00e1nky. Ve star\u00e9m Egypt\u011b se major\u00e1nka jako dal\u0161\u00ed z bylin pod\u00edlel na procesu balzamov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Popis
Major\u00e1n je trsovit\u00e1 jednoletka, kter\u00e9 se dob\u0159e da\u0159\u00ed v na\u0161ich zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch \u0161\u00ed\u0159k\u00e1ch, na zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1ch i v kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u00edch na okn\u011b. M\u00e1 r\u00e1d leh\u010d\u00ed hlinit\u00e9 p\u016fdy a slune\u010dn\u00e1 stanovi\u0161t\u011b. V\u00fdsev se prov\u00e1d\u00ed v b\u0159eznu do pa\u0159eni\u0161t\u011b a p\u011bticentimetrov\u00e9 rostlinky se voln\u011b do zem\u011b vysazuj\u00ed v polovin\u011b kv\u011btna. Dor\u016fst\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ky 20 – 40 cm. Stonky jsou pokryty jemn\u00fdmi l\u00edstky zeleno\u0161ed\u00e9 barvy a jsou velk\u00e9 od 0,5 do 2 cm. Rostlinka se rozr\u016fst\u00e1 do \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky a pokud ji p\u011bstujeme v z\u00e1v\u011bsn\u00e9m kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010di, p\u011bkn\u011b p\u0159evis\u00ed p\u0159es jeho okraje. Dob\u0159e sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed se\u0159\u00edznut\u00ed a rychle dor\u016fst\u00e1. Sklize\u0148 se prov\u00e1d\u00ed koncem \u010dervna a\u017e do \u010dervence, druh\u00e1 sklize\u0148 je v srpnu. U n\u00e1s p\u011bstovan\u00e1 odr\u016fda Marcelka se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b drogy pro farmaceutick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl. Major\u00e1n lze su\u0161it i mrazit. Usu\u0161enou bylinu dr\u017e\u00edme ve vzduchot\u011bsn\u00e9m obalu a ve tm\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pou\u017eit\u00ed
U n\u00e1s se \u010derstv\u00e9 nebo su\u0161en\u00e9 posekan\u00e9 l\u00edstky pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako ko\u0159en\u00ed. Obsahuj\u00ed neoby\u010dejn\u011b aromatickou silici, kter\u00e1 chutn\u00e1 nasl\u00e1dle, podobn\u011b jako oregano, ale m\u00e9n\u011b ko\u0159en\u011bn\u011b. N\u011bkter\u00e9 kucha\u0159ky uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed mo\u017enost n\u00e1hrady major\u00e1nky s oreganem v pom\u011bru jeden d\u00edl oregana za t\u0159i d\u00edly major\u00e1nky. Zale\u017e\u00ed na typu kucha\u0159ky \u010di rostlinky. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v Libanonu roste major\u00e1nka, kter\u00e1 je n\u011bco mezi na\u0161\u00edm major\u00e1nkou a oreganem, tedy je siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a jmenuje se zahtar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Major\u00e1n se v\u00fdborn\u011b hod\u00ed pro p\u0159\u00edpravu jehn\u011b\u010d\u00edho, hov\u011bz\u00edho, vep\u0159ov\u00e9ho, ku\u0159ec\u00edho, ryb, do n\u00e1divek, uzenin jako jsou klob\u00e1sky \u010di sal\u00e1my, do sal\u00e1tov\u00fdch dresink\u016f, do chleb\u016f, raj\u010datov\u00fdch j\u00eddel, na pizzu, na brambory a do ryb\u00edch pole. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se tak\u00e9 p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b bylinn\u00fdch l\u00e1zn\u00ed a m\u00fddel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zdrav\u00ed
Ve farmaceutick\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu se z major\u00e1nky vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed \u010daje pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed tr\u00e1ven\u00ed, m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 dezinfek\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky a uvol\u0148uje d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b dietn\u00edch j\u00eddel se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako n\u00e1hrada za s\u016fl. V lidov\u00e9m l\u00e9\u010ditelstv\u00ed se odvar z major\u00e1nky u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 proti nachlazen\u00ed a p\u0159i nervov\u00e9 vy\u010derpanosti. \u010caj z major\u00e1nky oslazen\u00fd medem pom\u00e1h\u00e1 zp\u011bv\u00e1k\u016fm udr\u017eet si hlasivky ve v\u00fdborn\u00e9 kondici.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u010caj z major\u00e1nky oslazen\u00fd medem pom\u00e1h\u00e1 zp\u011bv\u00e1k\u016fm udr\u017eet si hlasivky ve v\u00fdborn\u00e9 kondici.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mlet\u00e9 vep\u0159ov\u00e9 dob\u0159e prom\u00edch\u00e1me s bylinkami, p\u0159id\u00e1me s\u016fl a pep\u0159. Mokr\u00fdma rukama pak odeb\u00edr\u00e1me ze sm\u011bsi a tvarujeme jako mal\u00e9 hrub\u00e9 p\u00e1rky, kter\u00e9 obal\u00edme pl\u00e1tkem slaninky prosciuta cruda. V p\u00e1nvi rozpust\u00edme m\u00e1slo a vymodelovan\u00e9 p\u00e1rky na n\u011bm ope\u010deme (asi 15 minut). Pod\u00e1v\u00e1me s va\u0159enou zelenou fazolkou, va\u0159en\u00fdmi bramborami polit\u00fdmi m\u00e1slem a \u0161\u0165\u00e1vou z v\u00fdpeku. Posypeme petr\u017eelkou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u011bstoviny spolu s \u010desnekem uva\u0159\u00edme podle n\u00e1vodu. Asi t\u0159i minuty p\u0159ed dova\u0159en\u00edm k nim p\u0159id\u00e1me brokolici a dova\u0159\u00edme. Vodu sced\u00edme, t\u011bstovinu posypeme eidamem, v\u00ednem, major\u00e1nkou, sol\u00ed a pep\u0159em. Pot\u00e9, co se s\u00fdr za\u010dne t\u00e1t, t\u011bstoviny prom\u00edch\u00e1me, p\u0159end\u00e1me na vyh\u0159\u00e1t\u00e9 tal\u00ed\u0159e, posypeme parmaz\u00e1nem a posekan\u00fdm raj\u010datem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ml\u00e9ko, m\u00e1slo, vodu, s\u016fl, pep\u0159 a \u010desnek p\u0159ivedeme v hrnci k varu. Potom p\u0159id\u00e1me polentu a st\u00e1le m\u00edch\u00e1me, st\u00e1hneme plamen a m\u00edch\u00e1me, dokud polenta nevs\u00e1kne v\u011bt\u0161inu tekutiny a nebude m\u00edt kr\u00e9movitou strukturu. Potom p\u0159id\u00e1me zeleninu a s\u00fdr a va\u0159\u00edme asi minutu. Nakonec p\u0159im\u00edch\u00e1me major\u00e1nku a sm\u011bs vylijeme do formy na kol\u00e1\u010d a nech\u00e1me chvilku vychladnout. Pod\u00e1v\u00e1me tepl\u00e9, nebo vychlazen\u00e9, pokr\u00e1jen\u00e9 na kousky k pe\u010den\u00e9mu masku nebo jako lehkou ve\u010de\u0159i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pohanku va\u0159\u00edme v osolen\u00e9 hork\u00e9 vod\u011b 1 minutu, p\u0159ikryjeme, zabal\u00edme do deky a nech\u00e1me nabobtnat 20 minut. P\u0159ebyte\u010dnou vodu slijeme. Na p\u00e1nvi na oleji zp\u011bn\u00edme cibuli, p\u00f3rek a \u010desnek. Potom p\u0159id\u00e1me s\u00f3jovou om\u00e1\u010dku, oregano, m\u00e1slo, raj\u010datov\u00fd protlak, kurkumu, paprikovou sm\u011bs. Vejce p\u0159id\u00e1me po prom\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed pohanky s vychladlou sm\u011bs\u00ed, p\u0159im\u00edch\u00e1me i polovinu nastrouhan\u00e9ho s\u00fdra, p\u0159esypeme v\u0161e do zap\u00e9kac\u00ed misky vyt\u0159en\u00e9 m\u00e1slem a vrch posypeme zbytkem s\u00fdra. Pe\u010deme v troub\u011b na 190 \u00b0C asi 30 minut. Pod\u00e1v\u00e1me se kysan\u00fdm zel\u00edm, okurkou nebo m\u00edchan\u00fdm sal\u00e1tem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fazole nech\u00e1me p\u0159es noc namo\u010denou ve vod\u011b. Druh\u00fd den ji va\u0159\u00edme v hrnci t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dom\u011bkka, tehdy p\u0159id\u00e1me zeleninu nakr\u00e1jenou na kosti\u010dky, bobkov\u00fd list, s\u016fl, pep\u0159 a va\u0159\u00edme asi 20 – 25 minut. Pol\u00e9vku zahust\u00edme j\u00ed\u0161kou p\u0159ipravenou z m\u00e1sla, mouky, pokr\u00e1jen\u00e9 cibule a mlet\u00e9 \u200b\u200bpapriky, kterou p\u0159edt\u00edm z\u0159ed\u00edme a dob\u0159e prova\u0159\u00edme. P\u0159ed koncem varu p\u0159id\u00e1me do pol\u00e9vky major\u00e1nku a rozet\u0159en\u00fd \u010desnek. Nakonec posypeme posekanou petr\u017eelkou.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Major\u00e1n zahradn\u00ed je \u00fazce spjat s kuchyn\u00ed Slovenska i okoln\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly kdysi spojeny a jejich n\u00e1rodn\u00ed kuchyn\u011b se p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaly. Gul\u00e1\u0161, kter\u00fd tak r\u00e1di p\u0159ipravujeme pr\u00e1v\u011b s major\u00e1nkou, r\u00e1di va\u0159\u00ed i Ma\u010fa\u0159i \u010di Ukrajinci, ale m\u00e1lokdo v\u00ed, \u017ee to je tureck\u00e9 j\u00eddlo. V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se \u010dasto zam\u011b\u0148uje major\u00e1nka s oreganem, co\u017e je nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2230,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2229","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-rady-a-navody"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zradnice.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2229","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zradnice.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zradnice.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zradnice.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zradnice.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2229"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zradnice.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2229\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zradnice.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2230"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zradnice.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2229"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zradnice.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2229"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zradnice.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2229"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}